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Introduction to C++

C++ Standards (C++11 to C++23)

Evolution of C++ language standards

Interview: Shows awareness of modern C++

C++ Standards Evolution

Modern C++ is vastly different from pre-2011 C++. The ISO C++ committee releases a new standard mathematically every three years, consistently introducing powerful zero-cost abstractions and modernizing the standard library capabilities.

C++11 The Revolution

auto type inference, Lambdas, Move Semantics (rvalue references), Smart Pointers (std::unique_ptr), and threaded memory models.

C++14 The Refinement

Generic lambdas (using auto parameters), return type deduction, binary literals (0b1010), and digit separators (1'000'000).

C++17 The Expansion

Structured bindings (auto [x,y] = func()), std::optional, std::variant, std::any, if constexpr, and std::filesystem.

C++20 The Next Big Era

Concepts (template constraints), Modules (replacing #include), Coroutines (async execution), Ranges library, and Spaceship operator (<=>).

C++23 Cutting Edge

std::print (finally replacing pure cout), deducing this, multidimensional subscript operators, and extensive constexpr support.